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1.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 62(2)jun. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530087

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El hemangiopericitoma es un raro tumor mesenquimal (vascularizado y potencialmente maligno) derivado de los pericitos, que puede aparecer en cualquier parte del cuerpo; sin embargo, en el cuello se describen casos aislados. La resección quirúrgica completa constituye la piedra angular del tratamiento. Objetivo: Presentar un caso de un hemangiopericitoma en el cuello, como un caso inusual, con potencial maligno desconocido, diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. Presentación de caso: Paciente de sexo masculino, de 39 años de edad, sin antecedentes de enfermedad conocidos, con una masa perceptible a nivel V del cuello derecho. Estudios de imagen muestran un tumor vascularizado de aproximadamente 6 x 7 x 6 cm, entre los músculos escalenos, que fue originado en la arteria cervical profunda. Se confirmó mediante biopsia incisional el hemangiopericitoma, el cual fue tratado mediante resección tumoral completa y radioterapia adyuvante. Actualmente el paciente no tiene actividad tumoral después de su tratamiento inicial. Conclusiones: El hemangiopericitoma en el cuello es raro, el diagnóstico constituye un reto clínico e histológico, ya que, al ser poco común, su potencial maligno resulta desconocido. Aquellos tumores que tienen bajo grado de malignidad pueden ser controlados, de acuerdo a su localización y tamaño, mediante resección completa; mientras que los tumores de alto grado pueden recurrir y dar origen a metástasis. Nuestro paciente tuvo características histopatológicas con invasión capsular, lo que trajo como consecuencia un incremento del riesgo de recurrencia local. Por ese motivo, se decidió aplicar tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia. El paciente se mantiene sin recurrencia tumoral local y a distancia después de 9 años de vigilancia médica.


Introduction: Hemangiopericytoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor (vascularized and potentially malignant) derived from pericytes. It can occur anywhere in the body; however, isolated cases are described in the neck. Complete surgical resection is the cornerstone of treatment. Objective: To present a case of hemangiopericytoma in the neck, as an unusual case, with unknown malignant potential, as well as its timely diagnosis and treatment. Case presentation: A 39-year-old male patient, with no known history of disease, had a noticeable mass at the V level of the right neck. Imaging studies showed a vascularized tumor of approximately 6 x 7 x 6 cm, between the scalene muscles, which originated in the deep cervical artery. Hemangiopericytoma was confirmed by incisional biopsy, as well as treated by complete tumor resection and with adjuvant radiotherapy. Currently, the patient has no tumor activity after his initial treatment. Conclusions: Hemangiopericytoma in the neck is rare. Its diagnosis is a clinical and histologic challenge because, being uncommon, its malignant potential is unknown. Those tumors with low-grade malignancy can be controlled, according to their location and size, by complete resection; while high-grade tumors may recur and give rise to metastases. Our patient had histopathologic features with capsular invasion, which resulted in an increased risk of local recurrence. For this reason, adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy was decided to be applied. The patient remains without local or distant tumor recurrence after 9 years of medical surveillance.

2.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2023. 111 p. tab, graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437605

ABSTRACT

O envelhecimento é um processo fisiológico que traz consigo uma série de alterações no organismo que se estendem até o nível molecular. Diante disto, este é um processo complexo que afeta diversos tecidos, sendo um deles o hematopoético, local onde, através de interações da Célula Tronco Hematopoética (CTH) com o ambiente ao seu redor, incluindo a Célula Tronco Mesenquimal (CTM), ocorre a hematopoese. Embora já sejam descritas na literatura algumas alterações na medula óssea consequentes do envelhecimento, os mecanismos por trás de tais mudanças permanecem elusivas, principalmente no âmbito das interações celulares ocorrentes na medula óssea. Portanto, este trabalho buscou investigar como o envelhecimento afeta a regulação hematopoética no contexto de sua relação com as CTM medulares. Para esta pesquisa, foram utilizados camundongos machos isogênicos da linhagem C57BL/6, dividindoos em grupos conforme sua idade: jovens (3 ­ 5 meses) e idosos (18 ­ 19 meses). Foi realizada a caracterização do modelo através de aspectos físicos como consumo proteico, variação de peso, entre outros, seguido de avaliação bioquímica e hematológica. Adicionalmente, foram coletadas células medulares e, posteriormente, realizado o isolamento das CTMs. Para estudar a relação destas células com a hematopoese, foram realizados ensaios in vitro utilizando a linhagem celular leucêmica C1498 (TIB-49™, ATCC®) mantidas em contato com o sobrenadante das CTMs isoladas. Quanto aos parâmetros bioquímicos, os animais idosos apresentaram menores níveis de albumina, aspartato alanina transferase (ALT) e de triglicerídeos quando comparados aos animais jovens. Contrariamente, os animais idosos apresentaram um maior nível de colesterol. Na avaliação hematológica, foi constatado pelo hemograma que os animais idosos apresentaram valores comparáveis aos animais jovens, todavia, o mielograma mostrou menor celularidade geral, seguido de menor número de células da linhagem eritroide e maior número de precursores granulocíticos. Através da imunofenotipagem, foi revelado um maior número de CTHs e de precursores grânulosmonocíticos na medula de animais idosos quando comparado aos jovens, e uma menor frequência de progenitores linfoides. Na imunofenotipagem de sangue periférico de animais idosos houve uma redução no número de linfócitos B e de eritrócitos, e aumento na população de células natural killers. Na imunofenotipagem de CTMs, o marcador CD73 apresentou menor expressão nos animais idosos. Avaliando o secretoma destas células estromais, foram encontrados no sobrenadante de CTMs de animais idosos aumentos significativos nas concentrações de CXCL12 e SCF e redução de IL-11. No âmbito molecular, as CTMs de animais idosos apresentaram aumento na expressão de Akt1, Nos e Ppar-γ, e redução na expressão de Csf3 e Cdh2. Adicionalmente, quando comparado a ação das CTMs de animais idosos em relação as CTMs de animais jovens, observou-se que CTMs de animais idosos foram capazes de aumentar a expressão de Sox2, Pou5f1 e Nanog e diminuir a expressão de Cdkn1a de células da linhagem C1498. O sobrenadante de CTMs de animais idosos também resultou na maior proliferação e migração de células da linhagem C1498. Portanto, levando em consideração a importância das CTMs sobre a regulação do sistema hematopoético, pode-se concluir que, no envelhecimento, as CTMs criam um ambiente propício para a proliferação celular no qual a manutenção da pluripotência é estimulada, o que pode acarretar em uma desregulação do sítio hematopoético quando habitado por células malignas


Aging is a physiological process in which occurs a series of alterations in an organism that extend to a molecular level. It is a complex process that affects various tissues, one of them being the bone marrow, wherethrough the interactions of the hematopoietic stem cell (CTH) with its surrounding environment, including with the mesenchymal stem cell (CTM), hematopoiesis takes place. Although some aging-associated alterations in the bone marrow can be found described in the literature, the mechanisms behind said changes remain elusive, especially when regarding the cellular interactions present inside the bone marrow. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate how aging affects the regulation of hematopoiesis in the context of its interactions with bone marrow-derived CTMs. For this investigation, male isogenic C57BL/6 mice were used as animal models. These were separated in two groups according to their age: young (3 ­ 5 months) and aged (18 ­ 19 months). The animal models were characterized by their physical properties such as protein intake and weight variation, followed by biochemical and hematological evaluation. Bone marrow cells were obtained and identified through immunophenotyping, thus isolating different cell populations, including the CTMs. To study the relationship between these cells and hematopoiesis, in vitro assays were conducted utilizing the leukemic cell lineage C1498 (TIB-49™, ATCC®) maintained in contact with the supernatant of isolated CTMs. By their biochemical profile, aged mice showed lower levels of albumin, alanine-aspartate transferase (ALT) and triglycerides compared to the young group. In contrast, aged mice had a higher cholesterol level. Hematological evaluation by total blood count showed similar results between the two groups, however, the myelogram revealed that the aged animals had lower cellularity, with less frequent cells from the erythroid lineage, with an increase in granulocytic precursors. Through immunophenotyping, it was also revealed that aged mice have higher numbers of hematopoietic stem cells, while also being noted a reduced population of lymphoid progenitors. An increase in the granulomonocytic progenitors was also found. Immunophenotyping peripheral blood cells of aged mice revealed reduced numbers of B lymphocytes and erythrocytes, and an increased natural killer cell population. Additionally, the cell surface marker CD73 was found to be less expressed in aged mice CTMs. The secretome of these stromal cells obtained from aged mice showed higher levels of CXCL12 and SCF, and lower levels of IL-11when compared to the young counterparts. At a molecular level, CTMs obtained from aged mice expressed more Akt1, Nos and Ppar-γ, while the expression of Csf3 and Cdh2 was reduced. Additionally, when comparing the effects of aged mice CTMs with young mice CTMs, it was observed that the first expressed were capable of increasing the expression of Sox2, Pou5f1 and Nanog, while decreasing Cdkn1a expression in the C1498 cell lineage. The supernatant obtained from aged mice also favored the proliferation and cell migration of the C1498 cell line. Thus, considering the importance that CTMs have over the hematopoietic system, we can conclude that, in aging, CTMs create a special environment which favors cell proliferation and maintenance of pluripotency, which can result in a dysregulation of the hematopoietic tissue when malignant cells are present


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Aging/metabolism , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/classification , Hematopoiesis/genetics , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/classification , Hematopoietic System/abnormalities
3.
Natal; s.n; 21 jun. 2022. 91 p. tab, ilus, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1532461

ABSTRACT

Os cistos e tumores odontogênicos, lesões que acometem o complexo maxilomandibular, podem exibir comportamento clínico-biológico mais agressivo. E a transição epitelialmesenquimal (TEM), processo pelo qual as células epiteliais perdem propriedades fenotípicas e adquirem características de células mesenquimais, incluindo maior motilidade e capacidade de invasão, através da regulação de fatores centrais de transcrição e suas vias associadas, podem fazer parte de características associadas às lesões odontogênicas. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho buscou analisar e comparar a expressão imuno-histoquímica de proteínas (Zeb1, Ecaderina, N-caderina e vimentina) envolvidas no processo de TEM, em lesões odontogênicas epiteliais benignas. A amostra consistiu em 88 casos de lesões odontogênicas, das quais compreendem 28 casos de ameloblastoma (AB), 30 de ceratocisto odontogênico (CO) e 30 de cisto dentígero (CD). Todos os espécimes submetidos à técnica imuno-histoquímica foram avaliados por microscopia de luz, e submetidos à escolha aleatória de 5 (cinco) campos, os quais foram fotografados em um aumento de 400x. A avaliação da expressão de cada marcador, a partir da análise em seu compartimento celular específico, foi feita de forma semiquantitativa, através da multiplicação dos escores associados à porcentagem de células imunomarcadas pelos escores relacionados à intensidade da coloração, sendo feita uma média dos cinco campos e o resultado definido como baixa expressão ou alta expressão, conforme metodologia utilizada. As associações foram feitas através do teste de Qui-quadrado e as correlações através do teste de correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5% (p < 0,05). Os resultados mostraram um pico de prevalência entre a 2ª e 3ª décadas de vida, em todas as lesões estudadas, com um acometimento maior em região posterior de mandíbula, e os ABs foram as lesões de maiores tamanhos, com 65% medindo acima de 2,5cm. A imuno-histoquímica evidenciou baixa expressão de Zeb1 em epitélio odontogênico das lesões estudadas, alta expressão de E-caderina e N-caderina, e uma expressão intermediária de vimentina. Quando realizada a correlação entre os marcadores, observou-se nos casos de AB uma correlação positiva e moderada entre Zeb1 nuclear e E-caderina membranar, Zeb1 citoplasmática e E-caderina membranar e entre E-caderina e vimentina citoplasmáticas. Como também uma correlação positiva moderada, nos casos de CD, entre Zeb1 nuclear e vimentina citoplasmática, e entre Zeb1 e vimentina citoplasmáticas. Logo, podemos concluir que Zeb1 pode estar atuando indiretamente nas vias responsáveis pelo crescimento e características morfológicas dessas lesões estudadas. Além disso, a expressão diferencial de E-caderina, Ncaderina e vimentina demonstraram fazer parte de um processo de TEM parcial nas lesões odontogênicas epiteliais benignas estudadas (AU).


Odontogenic cysts and tumors, lesions that affect the maxillomandibular complex, may exhibit a more aggressive clinical-biological behavior. And the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process by which epithelial cells lose phenotypic properties and acquire characteristics of mesenchymal cells, including increased motility and invasiveness, through the regulation of central transcription factors and their associated pathways, may be part of characteristics associated with odontogenic lesions. Thus, the present work sought to analyze and compare the immunohistochemical expression of proteins (Zeb1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin) involved in the MET process in benign epithelial odontogenic lesions. The sample consisted of 88 cases of odontogenic lesions, comprising 28 cases of ameloblastoma (AB), 30 of odontogenic keratocyst (CO) and 30 of dentigerous cyst (CD). All specimens submitted to the immunohistochemical technique were evaluated by light microscopy and submitted to the random choice of 5 (five) fields, which were photographed at a magnification of 400x. The evaluation of the expression of each marker, based on the analysis in its specific cellular compartment, was carried out in a semi-quantitative manner, through the multiplication of the scores associated with the percentage of immunostained cells by the scores related to the intensity of staining, with an average of the five fields and the result defined as low expression or high expression, according to the methodology used. The associations were made using the chi-square test and the correlations using the Spearman correlation test. The significance level was set at 5% (p < 0.05). The results showed a prevalence peak between the 2nd and 3rd decades of life, in all the lesions studied, with a greater involvement in the posterior region of the mandible, and the ABs were the largest lesions, with 65% measuring above 2, 5cm. Immunohistochemistry showed low expression of Zeb1 in the odontogenic epithelium of the lesions studied, high expression of E-cadherin, high expression of N-cadherin and an intermediate expression of vimentin. When the correlation between the markers was performed, a positive and moderate correlation was observed in the cases of AB between nuclear Zeb1 and membrane E-cadherin, cytoplasmic Zeb1 and membrane E-cadherin and between cytoplasmic E-cadherin and vimentin. As well as a moderate positive correlation, in CD cases, between nuclear Zeb1 and cytoplasmic vimentin, and between cytoplasmic Zeb1 and vimentin. Therefore, we can conclude that Zeb1 may be acting indirectly on the pathways responsible for the growth and morphological characteristics of these lesions studied. Furthermore, the differential expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin was shown to be part of a partial TEM process in the benign epithelial odontogenic lesions studied (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Vimentin/metabolism , Odontogenic Cysts/pathology , Cadherins/metabolism , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Odontogenic Tumors/pathology , Chi-Square Distribution , Medical Records , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Observational Study
4.
Vet. zootec ; 29: 1-11, 2022. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1400538

ABSTRACT

O fibrossarcoma é uma neoplasia mesenquimal maligna originada dos fibroblastos que localiza-se especificamente em tecido cutâneo, subcutâneo e cavidade oral. A ressecção cirúrgica do tumor com margem de segurança é conhecida como a principal forma de tratamento. A principal forma de metástase é a via hematógena, atingindo pulmões, e menos comum em linfonodos regionais. A análise histopatológica é o exame diagnóstico de eleição para definição do tipo de tumor e sua graduação. Os exames de imagem são fundamentais no estadiamento das neoplasias e planejamento cirúrgico. A ultrassonografia e radiografia são os métodos mais utilizados e oferecem um grande apoio a oncologia médica veterinária. O exame radiográfico possibilita o achado de neoformações ósseas ou demais alterações como o aumento de volume de tecidos moles, infiltração gordurosa, e cavitações com gás ou fluído. O exame ultrassonográfico permite o conhecimento sobre a ecotextura, organização, e localização da lesão em tecidos moles. Em três gatos com fibrosssarcoma em membro torácico, foram realizadas radiografia e ultrassonografia específica da lesão. Os achados radiográficos foram aumento de volume, radiopacidade dos tecidos moles, sem acometimento ósseo. Os achados ultrassonográficos foram lesões de ecotextura grosseira, altamente heterogêneas. Os exames citológicos e histopatológicos revelaram tratar-se de fibrossarcoma. O presente relato tem como objetivo descrever os achados radiográficos e ultrassonográficos de fibrossarcoma em membro torácico de três gatos.


Fibrosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm originating from fibroblasts, which is specifically located in the skin tissue, subcutaneous tissue and oral cavity. Surgical resection of the tumor with a safety margin is known as the main form of treatment. The main form of metastasis is the hematogenous route, reaching the lungs, and less common in regional lymph nodes. histopathological analysis is the diagnostic test of choice for defining the type of tumor and its graduation. Imaging exams are essential in the staging of neoplasms and surgical planning. Ultrasonography and radiography are the most used methods and offer great support to veterinary medical oncology. The radiographic exam allows the finding of bone neoformations or other alterations such as the increase in soft tissue volume, fatty infiltration, and cavitations with gas or fluid. The ultrasound examination allows knowledge about the echotexture, organization, and location of the soft tissue lesion. Three cats with fibrosarcoma in the thoracic limb underwent lesion-specific radiography and ultrasound. The radiographic findings of fibrosarcomas were increased soft tissue radiopacity volume, without bone involvement. And the ultrasonographic findings were gross echotexture lesions, highly heterogeneous. Cytological and histopathological examinations were performed for definitive diagnosis. The present report aims to describe the radiographic and ultrasonographic findings of fibrosarcoma in the thoracic limb of three cats.


RESUMEN El fibrosarcoma es una neoplasia mesenquimatosa maligna que se origina a partir de fibroblastos, que se localiza específicamente en el tejido cutáneo, tejido subcutáneo y cavidad oral. La resección quirúrgica del tumor con un margen de seguridad se conoce como la forma principal de tratamiento. La principal forma de metástasis es la vía hematógena, que llega a los pulmones y es menos común en los ganglios linfáticos regionales. El análisis histopatológico es la prueba diagnóstica de elección para definir el tipo de tumor y su graduación. Los exámenes por imágenes son esenciales en la estadificación de las neoplasias y la planificación quirúrgica. La ecografía y la radiografía son los métodos más utilizados y ofrecen un gran apoyo a la oncología médica veterinaria. El examen radiográfico permite encontrar neoformaciones óseas u otras alteraciones como aumento de volumen de tejidos blandos, infiltración grasa y cavitaciones con gas o líquido. El examen ecográfico permite conocer la ecotextura, organización y ubicación de la lesión de tejidos blandos. A tres gatos con fibrosarcoma en la extremidad torácica se les realizó una radiografía y una ecografía específicas de la lesión. Los hallazgos radiográficos de los fibrosarcomas fueron un aumento del volumen de radiopacidad de los tejidos blandos, sin afectación ósea. Y los hallazgos ecográficos fueron lesiones macroscópicas de ecotextura, muy heterogéneas. Se realizaron exámenes citológicos e histopatológicos para el diagnóstico definitivo. El presente informe tiene como objetivo describir los hallazgos radiográficos y ecográficos del fibrosarcoma en la extremidad torácica de tres gatos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Thorax/diagnostic imaging , Fibrosarcoma/veterinary , Fibrosarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Thoracic/veterinary , Ultrasonography/veterinary
5.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 90(3): 279-286, ene. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385022

ABSTRACT

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: La displasia mesenquimal placentaria es una anomalía de la vasculatura y del tejido conectivo placentario que altera la estructura y la función de las vellosidades, se asocia con un desenlace perinatal adverso. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 21 años, primigesta, con 15.2 semanas de embarazo establecidas por fetometría, con placenta corporal anterior, de morfología anormal, con múltiples imágenes hipoecogénicas que semejan racimos de uvas, sin flujo vascular en el Doppler color. La valoración ecográfica de las 33 semanas reportó fetometría para 27.2 semanas, anhidramnios y placentomagelia, con alteración en los parámetros de la flujometría Doppler. En la prueba sin estrés se diagnosticó restricción del crecimiento intrauterino estadio IV. La imagen del feto fue heterogénea en el flanco derecho de 4.7 x 4.1 cm. El embarazo finalizó por cesárea con una recién nacida con Apgar 8-9, de 930 gramos, placenta agrandada con vellosidades hidrópicas. El estudio histopatológico reportó: displasia mesenquimal placentaria. La resección del tumor abdominal fue electiva, por vía laparoscópica, al cuarto mes de vida, con diagnóstico histopatológico de hamartoma mesenquimal hepático. CONCLUSIÓN: La displasia mesenquimal placentaria es una anomalía placentaria benigna, relacionada con restricción del crecimiento intrauterino de inicio temprano que puede evolucionar, incluso, a la muerte del feto por hipoxia crónica debido a las anomalías en la vasculatura microscópica que afectan el desarrollo de las vellosidades terminales e interfiere en el intercambio de gases, nutrientes y electrolitos en el espacio intervelloso.


Abstract BACKGROUND: Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is an anomaly of the vasculature and placental connective tissue which alters the structure and function of the villi, being associated with an adverse perinatal outcome. CLINICAL CASE: Patient 21 years old, primigestation, with 15.2 weeks of pregnancy established by fetometry, with anterior body placenta, abnormal morphology, with multiple hypoechogenic images resembling clusters of grapes, without vascular flow in color Doppler. Ultrasound evaluation at 33 weeks, reporting fetometry for 27.2 weeks, anhydramnios and placentomagelia, with alteration in Doppler parameters, as well as in a non-stress test diagnosing fetal growth restriction stage IV. Fetus with heterogeneous image on the right flank of 4.7 x 4.1 cm. Abdominal pregnancy interruption was decided, obtaining a live female newborn, Apgar 8/9, weight 930 grams, enlarged placenta with hydropic villi. The histopathology study reports placental mesenchymal dysplasia. Abdominal tumor resection was performed electively by laparoscopy at 4 months of age with a histopathological diagnosis of hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma. CONCLUSION: Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is a benign placental anomaly, related to early-onset intrauterine growth restriction that can even progress to fetal death by chronic hypoxia due to abnormalities in the microscopic vasculature that affect the development of the terminal villi and interfere with the exchange of gases, nutrients and electrolytes in the intervillous space.

6.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2022. 62 p. graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1378655

ABSTRACT

As Células-Tronco Mesenquimais (CTMs), são células multipotentes, presentes em diversos tecidos, sendo bastante estudada devido sua capacidade imunorregulatória por meio da liberação de fatores solúveis. Fatores estes que atuam sobre as funções de células do sistema imunitário. Simultaneamente, estudos indicam que os compostos flavonoides, em destaque a Delfinidina, presente em alguns frutos e flores, possuem atuação anti-inflamatória e inibitória sobre células do sistema imunitário. Todavia, são escassos os estudos em relação entre a capacidade imunorregulatória da CTM e a influência da Delfinidina, sendo este o objetivo deste estudo. Inicialmente, a Delfinidina 3-O-ß-D-glicosídeo foi escolhido, devido a sua maior estabilidade e a dose de 50 µM foi selecionada após análise por citometria de fluxo que mostrou aumento da fase proliferativa do ciclo celular. Posteriormente ao realizar análise da produção de fatores solúveis pelas CTM, os resultados mostraram aumento da produção de IL-10, TGF-ß e Oxido nítrico pelas CTM tratadas com Delfinidina. Bem como, diminuição da expressão de p-NF-κB/NF-κB pelas CTMs tratadas com Delfinidina, quando avaliadas por Wersten Blot. Adicionalmente, para analisar a Delfinidina sobre os efeitos imunorregulatórios da CTM sob macrófagos (RAW 264.7), célula esta, importante no sistema imune inato. Foram realizadas culturas condicionadas, com posterior análise da produção de fatores solúveis, os resultados mostraram aumento da produção de IL-10, e diminuição da produção de TNF-α, IL-1α e IL-12 pelos macrófagos, nas culturas condicionadas. Assim como, diminuição da expressão do fator p-NF-κB/NF-κB pelos macrófagos nas culturas condicionadas, quando avaliadas por Wersten Blot. Ademais, ao analisar a atividade metabólica dos macrófagos por ensaio de MTT, os resultados mostraram que as culturas condicionadas e a Delfinidina per si foi capaz de diminuir a atividade metabólica, sem alterar os efeitos anti-inflamatórios sobre a célula. Em síntese, a Delfinidina mostrou acentuar a atuação imunorregulatória da CTM sobre a linhagem macrofágica, célula esta, de grande importância para o sistema imune inato


Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells present in various tissues, being widely studied due to their immunoregulatory capacity through the release of soluble factors. These factors act on the functions of cells of the immune system. Simultaneously, studies indicate that flavonoid compounds, especially Delphinidin, present in some fruits and flowers, have anti inflammatory and inhibitory effects on immune system cells. However, there are few studies on the relationship between the immunoregulatory capacity of MSC and the influence of Delphinidin, which is the objective of this study. Initially, Delphinidin 3-O-ß-D-glycoside was chosen due to its greater stability and the 50 µM dose was selected after analysis by flow cytometry which showed an increase in the proliferative phase of the cell cycle. Subsequently, when analyzing the production of soluble factors by MSCs, the results showed an increase in the production of IL-10, TGF-ß and nitric oxide by MSCs treated with Delphinidin. As well as decreased expression of p-NF-κB/NF-κB by MSCs treated with Delphinidin, when evaluated by Wersten Blot. Additionally, to analyze Delphinidin on the immunoregulatory effects of MSC on macrophages (RAW 264.7), this cell is important in the innate immune system. Conditioned cultures were performed, with subsequent analysis of the production of soluble factors, the results showed an increase in the production of IL-10, and a decrease in the production of TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-12 by macrophages, in the conditioned cultures. As well as decreased expression of p-NF-κB/NF-κB factor by macrophages in conditioned cultures, when evaluated by Wersten Blot. Furthermore, when analyzing the metabolic activity of macrophages by MTT assay, the results showed that conditioned cultures and Delphinidin itself was able to decrease the metabolic activity, without altering the anti-inflammatory effects on the cell. In summary, Delphinidin has shown to enhance the immunoregulatory action of MSC on the macrophage lineage, a cell that is of great importance for the innate immune system


Subject(s)
Flavonoids/analysis , Immune System , Transforming Growth Factors , Interleukin-1/adverse effects , Interleukin-10/adverse effects , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/classification , Flow Cytometry/instrumentation , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage
7.
Rev. colomb. cienc. pecu ; 34(3): 212-223, July-Sept. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408022

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Osteoarthritis is a complex degenerative disease with several factors contributing to joint damage. Objective: To compare the potential effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA), alone or combined, on the in vitro chondrogenic differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods: MSCs were divided into four groups: Control, HA, TA, and HA/TA combined. Each treatment group was cultured for 14 days in chondrogenic differentiation medium. The chondrogenic differentiation potential was assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Results: The HA and HA/TA-treated MSCs presented histological characteristics similar to native chondrocytes. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of TA-treated MSCs was compact and organized. Glycosaminoglycan staining was intense in Control, moderate in TA, slight in HA/TA, and undetectable in HA. Type II collagen immunoreactivity was high in the TA-treated ECM and MSCs. Conclusions: Histological analysis shows that HA influences morphological development similar to chondrocytes of the MSCs, but with low expression of specific cartilage molecules. The TA promotes formation of a compact and organized ECM.


Resumen Antecedentes: La osteoartritis es una enfermedad degenerativa compleja en la cual varios factores contribuyen al daño articular. Objetivo: Comparar el efecto del ácido hialurónico (HA) y acetónido de triamcinolona (TA), solos o en combinación, en el proceso de diferenciación condrogénica in vitro de células madre mesenquimales (MSCs). Métodos: Las MSCs fueron divididas en cuatro grupos: Control, HA, TA y HA/TA, y cultivadas por 14 días en medio de diferenciación condrogénica para cada tratamiento. El potencial de diferenciación condrogénica fue analizado por medio de histología e inmunohistoquímica. Resultados: Las MSCs tratadas con HA y HA/TA, presentaron características histológicas similares a los condrocitos nativos, y la matriz extracelular (ECM) de MSCs tratadas con TA fue más compacta y organizada. La tinción de glicosaminoglicanos fue intensa en el Control, moderada en TA, ligera en HA/TA, y sin tinción en HA. La inmunoreactividad para colágeno tipo II fue más alta en las MSCs y ECM tratadas con TA. Conclusión: El análisis histológico muestra que el HA influencia un desarrollo morfológico similar a los condrocitos de las MSCs, pero con baja expresión de moléculas específicas de cartílago. La TA promueve la formación de una ECM compacta y organizada.


Resumo Antecedentes: A osteoartrite é uma doença degenerativa complexa, na qual vários fatores contribuem ao dano articular. Objetivo: Comparar o efeito do ácido hialurônico (HA) e Triancinolona acetonida (TA), só ou combinado no processo de diferenciação condrogênica in vitro de células tronco mesenquimais (MSCs). Métodos: MSCs foram divididas em 4 grupos: Controle, HA, TA y HA/TA e cultivadas por 14 dias com meio de diferenciação condrogênica e seus respectivos tratamentos. O potencial de diferenciação condrogênica foi acessado por meio de histologia e imunohistoquímica. Resultados: Histologicamente, MSCs tratadas com HA e HA/TA apresentaram características semelhantes de condrócitos nativos, e a matriz extracelular de MSCs tratadas com TA foi mais compacta e organizada. A coloração para glicosaminoglicanos foi intensa no Controle, moderada no TA, leve no HA/TA e sem coloração com HA. Para os grupos tratamento, a imunoreatividade para colágeno tipo II foi maior nas células e matriz extracelular tratadas com TA. Conclusão: Mediante análise histológica, o HA influenciou o desenvolvimento morfológico semelhante a condrócitos das MSCs, mas com baixa expressão de moléculas específicas de cartilagem. A TA promoveu a formação de uma matriz extracelular compacta e organizada.

8.
Int. j interdiscip. dent. (Print) ; 14(2): 181-183, ago. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385211

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Los lipomas son neoplasias benignas formadas por tejido adiposo maduro y que representan los tumores mesenquimales más frecuentes. Los lipomas gigantes se definen en relación a un tamaño mayor de 10 centímetros o un peso mayor a 1 kilogramo. Su presentación a nivel de cabeza y el cuello es infrecuente. Se caracterizan por tener un crecimiento lento, progresivo, deformante y asintomático. Es necesaria la realización de pruebas de imagen para su correcta localización anatómica y establecer relaciones con las estructuras vecinas. El tratamiento de elección es la escisión quirúrgica de la masa. La planificación pre-quirúrgica en este tipo de casos debe ser minuciosa para garantizar la conservación tanto de la función como de la estética cervicofacial. Se reporta el caso de una mujer de 50 años que presenta una tumoración gigante cervicofacial de 9 años de evolución, diagnosticada como lipoma, con sus características clínicas, imageneológicas, histopatológicas y su manejo terapéutico.


ABSTRACT: Lipomas are benign neoplasms formed by mature adipose tissue and represent the most frequent mesenchymal tumors. Giant lipomas are defined in relation to a size greater than 10 centimeters or a weight greater than 1 kilogram. Their presentation at head and neck level is infrequent. They are characterized by having a slow, progressive, deforming and asymptomatic growth. Imaging tests are necessary for their correct anatomical location and the establishment of relationships with neighboring structures. The treatment of choice is surgical excision of the mass. Pre-surgical planning in this type of case must be meticulous to guarantee the preservation of both function and cervicofacial aesthetics. The case of a 50-year-old woman with a giant cervicofacial tumor of 9 years of evolution, diagnosed as lipoma, with its clinical, imaging, histopathological characteristics, and therapeutic management is reported.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Lipoma
9.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 23(2): 115-122, 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339940

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Fundamento: El leiomioma vesical es un tumor de origen mesenquimal, benigno, derivado de las fibras del músculo liso, su diagnóstico definitivo es por estudio histológico; su tratamiento es quirúrgico con pronóstico excelente. Son pocos los casos que se presentan en la bibliografía consultada por la escasa incidencia de este tipo de tumor. Objetivo: Reportar un caso diagnosticado con un leiomioma vesical. Presentación del caso: Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 48 años de edad, atendida en el Hospital General Provincial Camilo Cienfuegos de Sancti Spíritus, que fue diagnosticada con ureterocele izquierdo. La paciente a los 7 años acudió con síntomas de polaquiuria, goteo posmiccional y sensación de repleción después de la micción. A la exploración física sin alteraciones en general. Ecografía renovesical con imagen quística en uréter distal izquierdo, de gran tamaño, con paredes gruesas, que ocupa casi la totalidad de la vejiga, con ureterohidronefrosis severa izquierda. Se le realizó cirugía definitiva, cistectomía parcial con reimplante ureteral izquierdo, con buena evolución. El resultado del diagnóstico anatomopatológico fue un leiomioma vesical. Conclusiones: El leiomioma vesical es una neoplasia poco frecuente en vejiga; en el caso reportado al realizarle el tratamiento quirúrgico se observó un excelente pronóstico.


ABSTRACT Background: Bladder leiomyoma is a benign tumor of mesenchymal origin, derived from smooth muscle fibers, its definitive diagnosis is by histological study; its treatment is surgical with excellent prognosis. Few cases are presented in the literature due to the low incidence of this nature. Objective: To report a case diagnosed with a bladder leiomyoma. Case report: A 48-year-old female patient, assisted at Camilo Cienfuegos General Provincial Hospital in Sancti Spíritus, diagnosed with left ureterocele. The patient came to consulting 7 years after have presented symptoms of pollakiuria, post-mictional drip and repletion sense afterwards urination. Physical examination showed no general alterations. Renovesical ultrasound showed a cystic image in the left distal ureter, large, thick-walled, occupying almost the entire bladder, with severe left ureterohydronephrosis. Definitive and partially cystectomy surgery was performed with left ureteral reimplantation, presenting good evolution. The result of the anatomopathological diagnosis was a bladder leiomyoma. Conclusions: Bladder leiomyoma is a rare neoplasm in the bladder; in the reported case, after surgical treatment, an excellent prognosis was observed.


Subject(s)
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Leiomyoma/diagnosis
10.
Arch. med ; 21(1): 24-34, 2021/01/03.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1148354

ABSTRACT

Objective: to determine the presence and distribution of markers of the epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) (S-100A4 and alpha-smooth muscle actin-α-SMA) in gingival tissues of patients affected by Gingival hypertrophy (GH) due to orthodontics.GH is an exaggerated increase in gingival tissue whose pathogenesis is unknown. However, it has been reported that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition as a process involved in other types of GH. Materials and methods: descriptive study that included the analysis of gingival tissues of healthy individuals (n = 6) and patients with GH by orthodontic treatment (n = 6). Before gingival surgery, the patients underwent a periodontal hygiene phase. The gingival tissue samples obtained were processed and embedded in paraffin. The cuts were made with a microtome and deposited on polysine adhesion slides. Histological hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed.The identification and location of S-100A4 and α-SMA markers was determined by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies. The reading of the findings was carried out by oral pathologists. Results: in healthy individuals, an S100A4 label was observed in Langerhans cells, while α-SMA was identified in the vascular endothelium of all samples analysed. However, in patients with GH due to orthodontics, they registered an intense staining of S100A4 in gingival fibroblasts, Langerhans cells, vascular endothelium, and areas adjacent to the rupture of blood vessel. α-SMA expression in GO was detected in the vascular endothelium and gingival fibroblasts. Conclusion: the differential immunostaining of EMT markers in gingival tissues of patients with orthodontic GH suggests an eventual role of EMT in the pathogenesis of this pathology..Au


Objective: to determine the presence and distribution of markers of the epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) (S-100A4 and alpha-smooth muscle actin-α-SMA) in gingival tissues of patients affected by Gingival hypertrophy (GH) due to orthodontics. GH is an exaggerated increase in gingival tissue whose pathogenesis is unknown. However, it has been reported that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition as a process involved in other types of GH. Materials and methods: descriptive study that included the analysis of gingival tissues of healthy individuals (n = 6) and patients with GH by orthodontic treatment (n = 6). Before gingival surgery, the patients underwent a periodontal hygiene phase. The gingival tissue samples obtained were processed and embedded in paraffin. The cuts were made with a microtome and deposited on polysine adhesion slides. Histological hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed. The identification and location of S-100A4 and α-SMA markers was determined by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies. The reading of the findings was carried out by oral pathologists. Results: in healthy individuals, an S100A4 label was observed in Langerhans cells, while α-SMA was identified in the vascular endothelium of all samples analysed. However, in patients with GH due to orthodontics, they registered an intense staining of S100A4 in gingival fibroblasts, Langerhans cells, vascular endothelium, and areas adjacent to the rupture of blood vessel. α-SMA expression in GO was detected in the vascular endothelium and gingival fibroblasts. Conclusion: the differential immunostaining of EMT markers in gingival tissues of patients with orthodontic GH suggests an eventual role of EMT in the pathogenesis of this pathology..Au


Subject(s)
Humans , Patients , Tissues , S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4
11.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 58: e179885, 2021. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1347989

ABSTRACT

Hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and carbon nanotube composite biomaterial were developed to improve bone healing. Previous studies suggested that a combination of biomaterials and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can potentially help promote bone regeneration. In the present study, we first developed hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and carbon nanotube composite biomaterial. Then, the effect of different concentrations of the extract on the viability of Vero cells (ATCC CCL-81) and MSCs obtained from sheep bone marrow using methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) and propidium iodide (PI) assays were evaluated. The biomaterial group demonstrated an absence of cytotoxicity, similar to the control group. Samples with 50% and 10% biomaterial extract concentrations showed higher cell viability compared to samples from the control group (MTT assay). These results suggest that the presence of this composite biomaterial can be used with MSCs. This study also concluded that hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and carbon nanotube composite biomaterial were not cytotoxic. Therefore, these could be used for performing in vivo tests.(AU)


O compósito à base de hidroxiapatita, quitosana e nanotubo de carbono foi desenvolvido com o intuito de auxiliar na consolidação óssea. Estudos anteriores sugerem que a combinação de substitutos ósseos e células-tronco mesenquimais (CTM) podem auxiliar a potencializar e promover a regeneração óssea. No presente estudo, o biomaterial foi desenvolvido e a viabilidade e a citotoxicidade de células Vero (ATCC CCL-81) e CTM obtidas de medula óssea provenientes de ovinos utilizando ensaios metil-tiazol-tetrazólio, MTT e iodeto de propídeo (PI) foram avaliadas em diferentes concentrações de extrato desse compósito. O compósito demonstrou ausência de citotoxicidade com comportamento semelhante ao grupo controle. Amostras com 50% e 10% de concentração de extrato do compósito mostraram resultados maiores comparados ao grupo controle (ensaio MTT). Esses resultados também sugerem que a presença do biomaterial pode ser utilizada em associação a CTM. Assim, esse estudo conclui que o compósito apresentado de hidroxiapatita, quitosana e nanotubo de cabono não foi considerado citotóxico e pode ser utilizado em teste in vivo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Biocompatible Materials , Durapatite , Chitosan , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Nanotubes, Carbon , Mesenchymal Stem Cells
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(2): 396-404, Mar./Apr. 2020. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1128325

ABSTRACT

A criocirurgia tem sido utilizada no tratamento de diferentes enfermidades de sistemas e órgãos. Contudo, são relatados efeitos adversos, como cicatrização lenta, cicatrizes extensas, disfunção estética e funcional. As lesões que ocorrem naturalmente pela exposição ao frio extremo, comumente, resultam em gangrena. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência das células-tronco mesenquimais de origem adiposa (ADSCs) na fase de proliferação da cicatrização de feridas cutâneas. Por meio da aplicação do nitrogênio líquido pela técnica do spray aberto, realizou-se a indução de uma ferida, de aproximadamente 15mm de diâmetro, na região dorsal de cada rato. A ferida recebeu o tratamento de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertencia: 1) aplicação das ADSCs no 15º dia (grupo tratado); 2) aplicação da solução cloreto de sódio 0,9% no 15º dia (grupo sham); 3) nenhuma intervenção até o momento da eutanásia (grupo controle). O grupo tratado com as ADSCs apresentou as maiores taxas de contração média das feridas e obteve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao grupo sham quanto à neovascularização. A terapia com as ADSCs proporcionou uma relevante evolução clínica das feridas, podendo ser constatada ao final do período de avaliação por cicatrizes mais estreitas e compridas.(AU)


Cryosurgery has been used to treat different diseases of systems and organs, although adverse effects have been reported such as delayed wound healing, large scars, esthetical deformation and functional impairment. Injuries caused naturally by the exposure to extreme cold weather conditions mostly result in gangrene. This study aims to evaluate the influence of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in the proliferation phase on cutaneous wound healing. Through the application of liquid nitrogen by the spraying technique, a 15 millimeter diameter lesion was produced in the dorsal region of each rat. The wound received treatment according to the group it belonged: 1) ADSCs application on the 15th day (treated group); 2) application of 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the 15th day (sham group); 3) no intervention until euthanasia (control group). The group treated with ADSCs showed the highest wound average contraction rate; this group got a significant statistical difference in relation to the sham group when it refers to neovascularization. The ADSCs therapy provides an important clinical evolution of wounds. This was verified at the end of the evaluation period through narrower and longer scars.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Wound Healing/physiology , Burns/veterinary , Cryosurgery/veterinary , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Rats, Wistar , Cooling Agents , Cold-Shock Response
14.
Rev. cuba. med ; 59(1): e1167, ene.-mar. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1139041

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La metástasis del cáncer es la transferencia de células tumorales de un órgano a otro mediante una serie de multipasos secuenciales interrelacionados. Este proceso es uno de los principales retos en el tratamiento del cáncer debido a su heterogeneidad biológica. El proceso de metástasis es considerado la principal causa de muerte en esta enfermedad, reportándose que más de 90 por ciento de las muertes por cáncer son debidos a esta etapa. Objetivo: Actualizar los conocimientos sobre metástasis en tumores sólidos y su asociación con transición epitelial-mesenquimal (EMT) en relación a la evolución y emergencia del cáncer. Método: Se realizó una revisión, no sistemática, de los estudios más significativos sobre el tema, publicados en la Web of Science, Pubmed, Ebsco, Scopus e Infomed. Conclusiones: La metástasis es la principal causa de muerte del cáncer, por lo que entender las bases del mecanismo de la formación de tumores metastásicos permitirá realizar terapias más eficaces para tratar el cáncer(AU)


Introduction: Cancer metastasis is the transfer of tumor cells from one organ to another through a series of interrelated sequential multi-steps. This process is one of the main challenges in cancer treatment due to the biological heterogeneity. The metastasis process is considered the main cause of death in this disease, accounting for more than 90 percent of cancer deaths. Objective: To identify the most recent advances on solid tumor metastasis and the association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in relation to the evolution and emergence of cancer. Method: A non-systematic review was carried out of the most significant studies on the subject, published in Web of Science, Pubmed, Ebsco, Scopus and Infomed. Conclusions: Metastasis is the main cause of cancer death, so understanding the bases of the mechanism for metastatic tumor formation will allow for more effective therapies(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/physiology , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Prospective Studies
15.
J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab. (Online) ; 56: e0622020, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090757

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of our research is to assess fascin expression in nasal tissues of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. Methods: Fascin expression in nasal tissues of 11 CRSwNP patients and 10 CRSsNP patients was immunohistochemically evaluated and compared with control subjects. Results: Fascin was found to be strongly expressed in epithelial cells in polyps in CRSwNP and nasal tissue in CRSsNP. Its strong expression was observed both in lamina propria and nasal epithelial cells in CRSsNP. Fascin overexpression in nasal mucosa in CRSwNP was more pronounced compared with CRSsNP. In addition, proliferating epithelial cells in polyp tissue were weakly immunostained, whereas mature cells expressed much more fascin. Conclusion: CRSwNP and CRSsNP are associated with fascin overexpression, which makes fascin a promising target for therapeutic interventions.


RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la expresión de fascina en los tejidos nasales de pacientes con rinosinusitis crónica con (RSCcPN) y sin pólipos nasales (RSCsPN). Métodos: La expresión de fascina en los tejidos nasales de 11 pacientes con RSCcPN y 10 pacientes con RSCsPN fue analizada por inmunohistoquímica y comparada con los individuos control. Resultados: Fascina fue encontrada por ser fuertemente expresada en células epiteliales de pólipos en la RSCcPN y en tejido nasal en la RSCsPN. Su fuerte expresión fue observada tanto en la lámina propia como en las células epiteliales nasales en la RSCsPN. La sobreexpresión de fascina en la mucosa nasal en la RSCcPN fue más pronunciada en comparación con la RSCsPN. Además, las células epiteliales proliferantes en el tejido del pólipo fueron inmunoteñidas débilmente, mientras las células maduras expresaron mucho más fascina. Conclusión: RSCcPN y RSCsPN están asociadas a la sobreexpresión de fascina, lo que hace la fascina un objetivo prometedor para intervenciones terapéuticas.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a expressão de fascina nos tecidos nasais de pacientes com rinossinusite crônica com (RSCcPN) e sem (RSCsPN) pólipos nasais. Métodos: A expressão de fascina nos tecidos nasais de 11 pacientes com RSCcPN e 10 pacientes com RSCsPN foi avaliada imuno-histoquimicamente e comparada com os indivíduos-controle. Resultados: Fascina foi encontrada por ser fortemente expressa em células epiteliais em pólipos na RSCcPN e em tecido nasal na RSCsPN. Sua forte expressão foi observada tanto na lâmina própria quanto nas células epiteliais nasais na RSCsPN. A superexpressão de fascina na mucosa nasal na RSCcPN foi mais pronunciada em comparação com a RSCsPN. Além disso, as células epiteliais em proliferação no tecido do pólipo foram imunocoradas fracamente, enquanto as células maduras expressaram muito mais fascina. Conclusão: RSCcPN e RSCsPN estão associadas à superexpressão de fascina, o que torna a fascina um alvo promissor para intervenções terapêuticas.

16.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 71(5): 1571-1581, set.-out. 2019. graf, ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1038673

ABSTRACT

There is a growing interest in the study of unspecialized mesenchymal stem cells, for there are still some discussions about their in vitro behavior. Regenerative medicine is a science undergoing improvement which develops treatments as cell therapy using somatic stem cells. In several studies, adipose tissue is presented as a source of multipotent adult cells that has several advantages over other tissue sources. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate the tagging of mesenchymal stem cells from the agoutis adipose tissue (Dasyprocta prymonolopha), with fluorescent intracytoplasmic nanocrystals. Fibroblast cells were observed, plastic adherent, with extended self-renewal, ability to form colonies, multipotency by differentiation into three lineages, population CD90 + and CD45 - expression, which issued high red fluorescence after the tagging with fluorescent nanocrystals by different paths and cryopreserved for future use. It is possible to conclude that mesenchymal stem cells from agouti adipose tissue have biological characteristics and in vitro behavior that demonstrate its potential for use in clinical tests.(AU)


Há um interesse crescente no estudo das células estaminais mesenquimais, não especializadas, pois ainda existem algumas discussões sobre seu comportamento in vitro. A medicina regenerativa é uma ciência em fase de crescimento que desenvolve tratamentos como terapia celular utilizando células estaminais somáticas. Em vários estudos, o tecido adiposo é apresentado como uma fonte de células adultas multipotentes que tem várias vantagens em relação a outras fontes de tecido. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar e avaliar a marcação de células estaminais mesenquimais do tecido adiposo de cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) com nanocristais intracitoplasmáticos fluorescentes. Observaram-se células fibroblásticas, aderentes ao plástico, com autorrenovação prolongada, capacidade de formar colônias, diferenciação em três linhagens, população CD90 + e expressão CD45, que emitiram alta fluorescência vermelha após a marcação com nanocristais fluorescentes por diferentes vias, e criopreservadas para uso futuro. É possível concluir que as células estaminais mesenquimais do tecido adiposo de cutias têm características biológicas e comportamentos in vitro que demonstram seu potencial para uso em testes clínicos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Adipose Tissue/cytology , Immunophenotyping/veterinary , Regenerative Medicine/methods , Nanoparticles , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Dasyproctidae/genetics
17.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(5): 519-522, oct. 2019. ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1054975

ABSTRACT

El hamartoma mesenquimal rabdomiomatoso es una lesión cutánea rara descripta por primera vez en 1986 como "hamartoma de músculo estriado". En general, se presenta en la región de la cabeza y el cuello de los recién nacidos. En este artículo, describimos el caso de una niña de 38 días con un apéndice cutáneo congénito en la región perianal. En el examen físico, no se observaron anomalías congénitas ni otras lesiones cutáneas. En el examen histopatológico, se observó un hamartoma con fibras de músculo esquelético desorganizadas. El diagnóstico diferencial incluyó apéndice cutáneo, trago accesorio y fibroma péndulo. El hamartoma mesenquimal rabdomiomatoso se diferencia de las lesiones mencionadas debido al componente de músculo estriado. Dado que no conlleva el riesgo de recurrencia ni de transformación a neoplasia maligna, no es muy relevante diferenciarlo de estas lesiones. Sin embargo, es importante establecer el diagnóstico correcto porque aproximadamente un tercio de los casos se asocian con anomalías congénitas. Asimismo, es necesario un diagnóstico histopatológico en los niños con ubicación perianal debido a las manifestaciones clínicas similares al rabdomiosarcoma.


Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma is a rare dermal lesion which was first described in 1986 as "striated muscle hamartoma". It usually develops in the head and neck region of newborns. We report a 38-day-old girl with a congenital skin tag in the perianal region. Physical examination did not reveal any congenital abnormalities or other dermal lesions. Histopathological examination showed a hamartoma with disorganized skeletal muscle fibers. The differential diagnosis includes skin tag, accessory tragus and soft fibroma. Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma differs from the listed lesions with its striated muscle component. Since it does not carry the risk of recurrence and malignant transformation, it is not very important to distinguish it from these lesions. However, a correct diagnosis is important because approximately one third of the cases are associated with congenital anomalies. Also, histopathological diagnosis should be made in children with perianal localization due to similar clinical manifestation of rhabdomyosarcoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Rhabdomyoma/diagnosis , Hamartoma/diagnosis , Anus Neoplasms , Rhabdomyoma/surgery , Rhabdomyoma/pathology , Hamartoma/surgery , Hamartoma/pathology
18.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 32(2): e1433, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001041

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Metastasis is common in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, and the presence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in circulating tumor cells may suggest worse prognosis. Aim: To correlate the number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of patients with a locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic tumor and the protein expression involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CTCs with clinical characteristics, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Method: This was a prospective study conducted using peripheral blood samples collected at three different times. CTCs were quantified by the ISET test and analyzed by immunocytochemistry. Proteins involved in EMT (vimentin, TGFß-RI and MMP2) were analyzed in all CTCs. Results: Twenty-one patients were included. Median CTCs detected were 22, 20 and 8 CTCs/8 ml blood at baseline, first and second follow-up, respectively. No statistically significant correlation was found in correlating the number of CTCs and the evaluated clinical characteristics, PFS, or OS. There was no difference in PFS and OS among the EMT markers in the groups with and without markers. Conclusion: CTC analysis was not relevant in this sample for comparing clinical findings, PFS and OS in patients with pancreatic cancer. However, marker analysis in CTCs could be useful for the MMP-2 and/or TGFß-RI expression, as observed by the separate PFS curve.


RESUMO Racional: A metástase é comum no diagnóstico de câncer de pâncreas; presença de marcadores de transição epitélio-mesenquimal nas células tumorais circulantes (CTCs) podem sugerir pior prognóstico. Objetivo: Correlacionar o número de CTCs no sangue periférico de pacientes com tumor de pâncreas localmente avançado ou metastático e expressão de proteínas envolvidas na transição epitélio-mesenquimal (TEM) nas CTCs com características clínicas, sobrevida livre de progressão (SLP) e global (SG). Método: Estudo prospectivo realizado por meio de coletas de sangue periférico em três tempos distintos. As CTCs foram quantificadas pelo sistema ISET e analisadas por imunocitoquímica. Proteínas envolvidas na TEM (vimentina, TGFß-RI e MMP2) foram analisadas em todas as CTCs. Resultados: Foram incluídos 21 pacientes. A mediana de CTCs detectadas foi de 22, 20 e 8 CTCs/8 ml de sangue no baseline, primeiro e segundo seguimentos, respectivamente. Na correlação entre número de CTCs e as características clínicas levantadas, SLP, SG não houve correlação estatisticamente significante. Nos marcadores de TEM não houve diferença de SLP e SG entre os grupos que apresentaram e não apresentaram marcação. Conclusão: As CTCs não se mostraram relevantes na comparação dos achados clínicos, SLP e SG em pacientes com câncer de pâncreas. No entretanto, pode ser que para a análise de marcador seja útil, como observado pelas curvas separadas de expressão de MMP-2 e TGFß-RI nas CTCs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pancreatic Neoplasms/blood , Adenocarcinoma/blood , Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/blood , Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I/blood , Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/chemistry , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Vimentin/blood , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Prospective Studies , Disease Progression , Tumor Burden , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology , Neoplasm Staging
19.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2019. 148 p. graf, tab.
Thesis in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-996797

ABSTRACT

Protein malnutrition (PM) causes anemia and leukopenia by reduction of hematopoietic precursors and impaired production of mediators that induce hematopoiesis, as well as structural and ultrastructural changes in the bone marrow (BM) extracellular matrix. Hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow (BM) in distinct regions called niches, which modulate the processes of differentiation, proliferation and self-renewal of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC). The perivascular niche, composed mainly by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and endothelial cells (EC), is the major modulator of HSC and its function extends to the migration of mature hematopoietic cells into the peripheral blood through the production of cytokines and growth factors. Thus, our hypothesis is that PM changes the perivascular niche and our objective is to evaluate whether PM affects the modulatory capacity of MSC and EC on hematopoiesis. C57BL/6 male mice were divided into Control and Malnourished groups, which received for 5 weeks, respectively, a normal protein diet (12% casein) and a low protein diet (2% casein). After this period, animals were euthanized, nutritional and hematological evaluations were performed, featuring the PM. We performed leukemic myelo-monoblasts cells transplantation and observed that these cells have a lower proliferation rate and are rather in the cell cycle G0/G1 phases in malnourished mice, indicating that the BM microenvironment is compromised in PM. MSC were isolated, characterized and differentiated in vitro into EC cells, which were evidenced by CD31 and CD144 markers. We performed the quantification of HSC and hematopoietic progenitors, as well as some regulators of proliferation and differentiation, ex vivo and after cultures with MSC or EC. We observed that PM reduces HSC and hematopoietic progenitors ex vivo. In PM, MSC promote increase in HSC and suppress hematopoietic differentiation, whereas ECs induce cell cycle arrest. Additionally, we verified that PM affects granulopoesis by decreasing the expression of G-CSFr in granule-monocytic progenitors. Thus, we conclude that PD compromises hematopoiesis due to intrinsic alterations in HSC, as well as alterations in the medullary perivascular niche


A desnutrição proteica (DP) provoca anemia e leucopenia decorrente da redução de precursores hematopoéticos e comprometimento da produção de mediadores indutores da hematopoese. A hematopoese ocorre na medula óssea (MO) em regiões distintas chamadas de nichos, que modulam os processos de diferenciação, proliferação e auto renovação da célula tronco hematopoiética (CTH). O microambiente perivascular, composto principalmente por células tronco mesenquimais (CTM) e células endoteliais (CE), é o principal modulador das CTH e sua função se estende até a migração das células hematopoiéticas maduras para o sangue periférico, através da produção de citocinas e fatores de crescimento. Dessa forma, nossa hipótese é que a DP altera o microambiente perivascular e objetivamos avaliar se a DP afeta a capacidade modulatória das CTM e CE sobre a hematopoese. Utilizamos camundongos C57BL/6 machos, divididos em grupos Controle e Desnutrido, sendo que o grupo Controle recebeu ração normoproteica (12% caseína) e o grupo Desnutrido recebeu ração hipoproteica (2% caseína), ambos durante 5 semanas. Após este período, os animais foram eutanasiados, foi realizada a avaliação nutricional e hematológica, caracterizando a DP. Realizamos transplantes de mielomonoblastos leucêmicos e observamos que estas células apresentam menor taxa de proliferação e se encontram em maior quantidade nas fases G0/G1 do ciclo celular em camundongos desnutridos, indicando que o microambiente medular está comprometido. Isolamos CTM, que foram caracterizadas e diferenciadas in vitro em CE, o que foi evidenciado pelos marcadores CD31 e CD144. Quantificamos CTH e progenitores hematopoéticos, bem como reguladores de proliferação e diferenciação, ex vivo e após culturas com CTM ou CE. Observamos que a DP reduz CTH e progenitores hematopoéticos ex vivo. Na DP, as CTM promovem incremento de CTH e suprimem a diferenciação hematopoética, enquanto que as CE induzem parada no ciclo celular. Adicionalmente, observamos que a DP afeta a granulopoese por diminuição da expressão de G-CSFr nos progenitores grânulo-monocíticos. Dessa forma, concluímos que a DP compromete a hematopoese por alterações intrínsecas na CTH, como também por alterações ocasionadas no microambiente perivascular medular


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Protein Deficiency/complications , Hematopoiesis , Endothelial Cells/classification , Tumor Microenvironment
20.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 86(1): 70-83, feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-975404

ABSTRACT

Resumen OBJETIVOS: Describir las características clínicas y las repercusiones perinatales de la displasia mesenquimal de placenta. MÉTODO: Revisión sistemática de la bibliografía disponible en las bases PubMed, EMBASE y Scopus en donde se buscaron los términos "displasia mesenquimal de placenta" y "pseudomola parcial". Criterios de inclusión: artículos de casos o series que contuvieran los apartados de diagnóstico histológico confirmado y reporte de al menos 75% de los datos clínicos establecidos. Como ejemplo se comunica un caso clínico de los autores. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 202 artículos, casi todos de casos clínicos o series de casos. Se descartaron los duplicados y los que no cumplieron los criterios de inclusión; finalmente la serie quedó formada por 88 publicaciones con 104 casos clínicos. CONCLUSIONES: La displasia mesenquimal de placenta es una anomalía poco conocida, infradiagnosticada y poco publicada. En la ecografía simula una mola parcial, casi siempre con un cariotipo fetal diploide y altas concentraciones de alfafetoproteína. Es frecuente su asociación con prematurez, rotura prematura de membranas, retraso del crecimiento intrauterino, malformaciones fetales, síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann y muerte perinatal.


Abstract OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics and perinatal outcomes of placental mesenchymal dysplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic review of the medical literature under the terms "placental mesenchymal dysplasia", "partial pseudomole". Inclusion criteria for the review were: confirmed histological diagnosis and presence of at least 75% of established clinical data. The systematic review was performed by searching for cases or series published in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus databases. We present 1 clinical case of our institution. RESULTS: A total of 202 articles were found, most of them corresponding to clinical cases or case series. Duplicates were discarded and those that did not meet inclusion criteria were excluded. Finally, the series consisted of 88 publications with 104 clinical cases. CONCLUSIONS: Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is a poorly understood, underdiagnosed, and poorly published clinical entity. Placental mesenchymal dysplasia echocardiography simulates a partial spring, but usually presents a diploid fetal karyotype and elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein. It is frequently associated with prematurity, premature rupture of membranes, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal malformations, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and perinatal death.

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